A Wilder Rose, by Susan Wittig Albert, is a fictional take on Rose
Wilder Lane and her relationship with her mother, Laura Ingalls Wilder. Recent scholarship shows that Rose was very
involved in the creation of the Little House books—she did more than copy edit
her mother’s drafts, she extensively rewrote them, shaped them, and helped her
mother fictionalize her own life. Most
scholars agree that without Rose’s work on the books, they would never have
been published much less become the icons they are today.
A Wilder Rose was a fascinating look at not only the process
involved in bringing a work to publication, but also provided an interesting
perspective on the time in which the books were written. I really enjoyed getting to know Rose
better—she was definitely a remarkable woman.
A skilled writer, a traveler, an adventurer, she also is admirable in
that she strove to do her duty regardless of how much she wanted to shirk it. She felt a very honest love but a deep
frustration with her complex and complicated mother. She took her work seriously, and in this I found her a kindred spirit.
A Wilder Rose is not for the faint of heart. If you are a bonnet-wearing, Laura devotee
who doesn’t want to know the rest of the story, then this is not the book for you. Laura comes off as narrow-minded, priggish,
and naïve. Rose can be patronizing,
dismissive, and flighty. However, the
book feels real to me. I know that
Albert did her homework and based her fictionalized scenes on Rose’s letters
and journals, and I’m at the point in my own life where I do want to know “the
rest of the story.”
In reading this novel, I finally came to appreciate the craft that went into creating the
Little House books, books that shaped me and generations of American children
over the past century. Just as Mark
Twain means Samuel Clemens, and George Eliot means Maryann Evans, for me Laura
Ingalls Wilder now means Mrs. Wilder and her talented daughter, Rose.
The author has
generously offered a giveaway (signed no less!) for my North American
readers. If you would like to be entered
in a drawing for this giveaway, leave a comment and include your email address
so I know to include you. Entries
accepted until 9 pm MT on Thursday, September 12. Additional entries can be obtained by tweeting about this blog post--just let me know that you've tweeted.
In reading
A Wilder Rose, I had a number of
questions, which I posed to the author, who has graciously answered them. So, for your reading pleasure, here is my
interview with Susan Wittig Albert about
A
Wilder Rose. BTW, you can also visit
her
website for more info about the book.
Jane: I came away knowing a lot more about
Rose and understanding her motivations, aspirations, demons, and talents.
Not so with regards to Laura. She still is a mystery to me. In
writing A Wilder Rose, you stuck to the facts—Rose’s diaries, journals, and
letters. Would you consider writing a novel from Laura’s point-of-view,
knowing that you would have to invent a voice and motivation for her without
the benefit of source material to back you up?
Susan: Laura is still a mystery to me, too, even though I
know a great deal about how Rose saw her. In Rose’s diaries, journals, and letters,
she is a powerful and ambiguous figure: resourceful, hard-working, courageous,
even daring—but parochial, predictable, conventional, even narrow-minded. Troub
(Helen Boylston, Rose’s friend) saw her as bossy, even dictatorial, and
quick-tempered; some of her neighbors viewed her as “wearing the pants in the
family.” In Mansfield, she was seen as “aloof” and “reserved.” No one describes
her as “warm” or “affectionate.” But there are no documents that reveal her
inner life, and we can only see her from the outside, as others saw her, which
(in my view, anyway) makes her problematic as a character in historical
fiction.
Even so, I might be willing to tackle her—that is to create
a voice for her, motivations, fears, desires, an inner life—if we were talking
about anyone else but Laura Ingalls Wilder. She is already an iconic figure,
and many readers think they know her, based on their understanding of the
fictional child Laura and their projection of that image onto the adult woman.
Jane: Why did you end the story with the writing of On the Shores of Silver Lake? In
your epilogue, you mention that it seems that by this point Laura was resigned
to the need for Rose’s help. Does this mean that you felt that the last
three books were mostly Rose-written, or that they followed the pattern of
first, rough draft by Laura followed by extensive rewriting and shaping by
Rose?
Susan: I began and ended the frame narrative (Rose telling
her story to Norma Lee Browning) in early April, 1939, at the time when Rose is
completing Silver Lake. I did this in
part because there is no documentation of the collaboration after that book.
That is, there are no letters that tell us how the remaining three books were
written. Still, I don’t have any reason to believe that Rose and her mother
changed their practice: Laura producing the first drafts and Rose rewriting
them. Bill Holtz, Rose’s biographer, says that manuscript of The Long Winter (Book 6) shows “mammoth
and defining evidence” of Rose’s rewriting. I think it’s likely that the
remaining two books followed the same pattern.
I also chose 1939 as the time for the frame narrative
because of the shift in the focus of Rose’s writing at that time. After Free Land (1938), she wrote no more
fiction under her own name. She wrote a
number of articles from an isolationist viewpoint, arguing against American
involvement in the European war. She would soon (December, 1941, right after
Pearl Harbor) begin writing The Discovery
of Freedom. It was a pivotal time in her development as a political
philosopher, which would be her work for the rest of her life.
Jane: How did Almanzo feel about Laura taking sole
authorship of the Little House series, when clearly he would have known how big
a part Rose played in their creation?
Susan: I doubt that Almanzo had
much idea of what was going on as far as the writing of the books was
concerned. Farmer Boy was the only
one of the Little House books that Almanzo participated in, by answering
Laura’s questions about life on the Wilder farm in upper New York State. He
also knew that Rose visited the farm to do some on-site research. Other than
that, there’s no evidence that Almanzo was aware of the extent of Rose’s
rewrites, and no reason to believe that Laura would have told him anything
about it, other than Rose’s typing of the manuscript. We need to remember that
Rose and Laura were living apart during all this time. The first three books
were written while Rose lived in the farmhouse and Laura and Almanzo lived in
the Rock House. Rose revised Plum Creek when
she was living in Columbia, MO, and the remaining three books while she was
living in New York. Nobody, let alone her father, was looking over her
shoulder.
Jane: How did Rose react to the
awards received by her mother for the Little House books? Was she present
for any of the award ceremonies?
Susan: The Newbery Awards were
made in 1938 (Plum Creek), 1940 (Silver Lake), 1942 (Little Town), and 1944 (Years).
But they weren't Honor Books then—they were “runners-up.” (In 1971 that
term was changed to "honor books” and made retroactive, to include
all previous books.) So far as I know, there was no ceremony for the
runners-up; if there was, Laura didn’t attend the ALA meetings where that would
have happened.
The only major book event Laura
ever attended was the Book Week Fair, held in Hudson’s Department Store in
Detroit, October, 1937. She sent Rose a copy of the talk she gave; Rose replied
“…It is fine. No wonder you made a
great hit.” Rose was always her mother’s cheerleader.
Jane: When did Garth Williams come
on the scene, and did he work exclusively with Laura or also Rose in the
creation of the iconic images most of us associate with the books?
Susan: Harper planned a new
edition of the books (which were originally illustrated by Helen Sewell) in
1947, and asked Garth Williams to do the illustrations. Williams began by
meeting Laura at Rocky Ridge, then traveled to all the house sites he could
locate. The plan envisioned eight oil paintings for each book, but that proved
to be too expensive, so Williams produced drawings in pencil, charcoal, and
ink. He did most of the work while he was living in Italy. He had no reason to
meet with Rose; at that point, Laura was considered the sole author.
By the way, I grew up with the
Helen Sewell and Mildred Boyle illustrations—that dates me, doesn’t it? I
confess to loving them best of all, especially those wonderful dresses in Little Town on the Prairie. And oh how I
wish I still had those first editions!
Jane: Was Rose ultimately proud of
the work she did on the Little House books, especially considering that the
works that were attributed to her faded from public memory while the LH books
live on from generation to generation?
Susan: This is a complicated
question, and I’d like to unpack it a bit. Rose never laid claim in public to
her contributions to the books—for the same reason that she didn’t lay claim to
the ghostwriting she did for Lowell Thomas. It would have been unprofessional.
She worked behind the scenes; she kept her lip zipped. What’s more (as she told
her adopted son, Rexh Meta), a writer of her reputation never accepted
ghostwriting assignments—unless, of course, she was broke and had to pay the
bills, on her own and her parents’ households. Or she wanted to help her
mother.
Now, about the disparity between
Rose’s reputation and Laura’s. Rose worked hard to build up her mother’s
reputation, and she was no doubt pleased when the books were well reviewed—and
relieved when they sold well enough to support her parents, so she could stop
sending them money. However, Rose died in 1968, before her legatee, Roger
MacBride, arranged for the TV production of Little
House on the Prairie and Laura Ingalls Wilder became an icon.
Rose made her living first as a
journalist, then as a magazine fiction writer. We call writing in those two
fields “ephemeral” for a reason. It typically doesn’t stick around (or at least
it didn't before the Internet). Rose was good enough to command high prices in
a competitive market, but almost all of the magazine fiction writers of that
era—even the best ones—have been forgotten.
Rose’s novels, however, remain
available to those who want to read them. Let
the Hurricane Roar (1933) was
reprinted in 1961, 1968, and 1985 and is currently in print. Free Land (1938) was reprinted in 1984
and is currently in print. The Discovery
of Freedom (1942) was reprinted in 1972 and 1993. “Credo” (1936) has been
reprinted several times as Give Me
Liberty, as is considered an important document in libertarian political
philosophy.
It has to be said, however, that
Rose’s reputation as a writer rests on her mother’s reputation as a writer,
which Rose herself created. I hope you find that as delightfully ironic as I
do.
Jane: Did Rose (and/or Laura) have
a conscious political agenda when writing the LH books? While their
political stance was anti-FDR during the 1930’s, was the depiction of the
Ingalls family as completely self-reliant and anti-government deliberate or unconscious?
Susan: The books were written
between 1930 (when Laura was working on “Pioneer Girl”) and 1942 (These Happy Golden Years). FDR was
inaugurated in 1933 and began creating New Deal programs that Rose and her
parents (and most rural Midwesterners) opposed. Some scholars have pointed out
the political subtext in Little House on
the Prairie (1935) and in Little Town
on the Prairie (1941). Rose’s political stance is even clearer in her
novel, Free Land, and of course in
her political writing, beginning with “Credo” (1936).
I don’t think there’s anything
explicitly political in the depiction of the Ingalls family. It’s consistent
with the way American pioneers and their descendants liked to think of
themselves: as independent, self-reliant, self-made people who got along better
in this world when government left them alone. As a cultural myth, this one is
pervasive and persistent, going back to the Revolutionary War. The Depression
and WW2 called that myth into question in a starkly challenging way, but there
were many (including Rose and Laura) who continued to believe it and defend it.
Jane: Did Laura’s sisters know of
Rose’s involvement in Laura’s writing? How did they react to Laura’s
eventual fame?
Susan: Carrie and Grace (both of
whom wrote for the De Smet News) knew
of Rose’s success as a published author, as did others in De Smet. I know of no
evidence that they were aware of Rose’s participation. Grace died in 1941;
Carrie died in 1946. The books had attained a modest popularity by that time,
but they weren't yet “famous.” (That happened in the early 1970s, after the
television series began to appear.) We do know that Carrie read Little House in the Big Woods aloud to
Grace when Grace was in the hospital—they both must have enjoyed it.
Jane: One of the saddest things I
ever read was that Almanzo felt his life was a series of failures. Would
Laura say the same about her life? Would Rose?
Susan: Actually, what Almanzo said
(he wrote it in a 1937 letter to Rose) was that his life had been “mostly
disappointments.” Given the loss of his Dakota homestead, his illness and
lifelong disability, the death of his only son, the grueling labor at Rocky
Ridge, and the grinding years of the Great Depression, it’s not hard to see why
he felt that way. He lived through tough times.
In 1930, at the beginning of their
collaboration, Laura told Rose that she wanted “prestige” more than money. She
got more of both than she could possibly have imagined, and if those were her
criteria, she may have been satisfied with her life. But since we don’t have
access to Laura’s thoughts and feelings, we simply don’t know.
Rose had a successful early career
that ran into difficulties during the Depression, as did most writing careers
during that time. It was a rough period, but nevertheless, she did her best to
continue to work and to support her parents. After she left the farm in 1935,
she was actively and energetically engaged with ideas, philosophy, friends,
correspondents, books, travel, needlework, her garden, her home in Danbury CT,
and her home in Harlingen TX. When she died in 1968, she was about to leave on
a long-planned trip abroad. She lived a fascinating life. She had every reason
to be satisfied with her achievements.
Jane: Thank-you, Susan, for this marvelous interview. Your book made me think more deeply about authorship, fiction, biography, mothers and daughters, and the creative process. Congratulations on the launch of A Wilder Rose, and my very best wishes to you.
